Cervical osteochondrosis.

Neck pain is an alarming sign.Maybe it's just an overload and you just have to rest and rest.What if the pain is associated with cervical back osteochondrosis?It is important to carefully consider symptoms and treatment, because complications can affect the most important organ - the brain.

What is cervical osteochondrosis

Cervical back osteochondrosis is a degenerative disease of the body-cervical system.It leads to the destruction of the intervertebral discs of the cervix, the growth of bone tissue of the vertebrae, the formation of growth on their surfaces.

The cervical spine consists of seven beads, the first of which is articulated with the skull.The anatomical and functional unit of the spine is the spinal-motor segment.This is a common complex, due to which the spinal column moves.The complex consists of two beads, the intervertebral disc, the articular surfaces of the vertebrae, nerves, ligaments and muscles.

Osteochondrosis begins with damage to the intervertebral disc and affects all the surrounding tissue.Over time, the process leads to a breach of spinal biomechanics as a whole.With the development of osteochondrosis, intervertebral disc herniations can be formed, squeezing the nerve roots and blood vessels.

Pathological processes in the intervertebral disc develop four stages: diet, ligament weakening, disk damage and nerve compression.

• Stage 1.The conditions of the power and metabolism of the intervertebral disc are violated.Due to the features of the structure, the discs are eaten only during movement.If this is not the case, dystrophic tissue changes begin: the disk is hungry and dehydrated.Water loss leads to the fact that the intervertebral disc cannot perform depreciation functions.The load on the fibrous ring intensifies, cracks and tears appear in it.At the moment, minor pain may occur.
• Stage 2.In the second phase, the ligamental apparatus of the vertebral segment occurs.The connection becomes pathologically removable.The pathological process on the disk is deteriorated, the hernia (prolapse) begins - penetrating the nucleus of the pulpos through cracks in the fibrous ring.The pain becomes periodic.
• Stage 3.Further, the intervertebral disc is completely damaged.The core of the disk pulse goes beyond the fibrous ring.The resulting hernia can violate the nerve roots.The inflammatory process develops.This is manifested by a deterioration of pain, the so -called radical syndrome.
• Stage 4.In the fourth stage, the loss affects the fabrics nearby.It is possible to squeeze the radical arteries, which leads to the lack of blood supply to the spinal cord.As a result, the spine can be completely immobilized.

First signs and main symptoms

At the beginning of the development of osteochondrosis of the cervical region, discomfort, movement restriction, neck pain.Often this does not matter.

Over time, the pain intensifies, pains, burning, head, neck, shoulder blades, sore shoulders - maybe this develops vertebral artery syndrome.The artery is squeezed or spasmodic, blood flow is disturbed.

In 1-2 stages of cervical osteochondrosis, ophthalmological problems associated with spasm in the vessel often occur.Eye darkness, ignition, appearance of "flies", colored stains in front of the eyes - all of these are symptoms of osteochondrosis.

The most common symptoms of cervical osteochondrosis:

1. Migraines, dizziness, nausea and cough.
2. Hearing impairment, ear pain, face.
3. Disordishes motor disorders in the hands, feet.Skin sensitivity to the head can be a gap.
4. Pain in the hand.If a nerve spine is cut, then the whole area to which it sends impulses can damage or "fall".

In addition to the above symptoms, you can distinguish the three main pain syndrome, accompanying the cervical spine osteochondrosis.The syndrome is a whole complex of symptoms.Determining the main pain syndrome is important, as the entire treatment regimen is built precisely in the elimination of pain.And it is impossible to eliminate it without knowing the origin.

• Myofascial syndrome- Pain in skeletal muscles and adjacent fascia.The violation is associated with overload, in which spasm occurs, hypertonicity, painful joints inside the muscles (causing points).
• Novice syndrome- Pain caused by prolonged squeezing of the roots of the spinal nerves.The process of hernial formation for osteochondrosis of the spine leads to a tip of the nerve fibers and subsequent inflammatory response.The pain spreads along the nerve.
• Aspect syndrome- Pain in the vertebrates.The vertebrae from the second cervix have articular processes, which are interconnected from the arched joints.With osteochondrosis, the intervertebral discs are destroyed, their height decreases, and this leads to the fact that the joint capsules of the arched joints are in constant voltage.This causes pain.Moreover, the pain increases by the end of the day, especially with a forced long -term position.

Causes of osteochondrosis in the cervical spine

One of the main causes of osteochondrosis is the evolution of the spine in a high vertical load.People's ancestors walked four legs like other mammals.They did not suffer from osteochondrosis, as in the horizontal position of the body intra -discovered pressure is half as much as in the vertical.According to the standards of evolution, the switch to adjustment occurred not too long ago, and the spine simply did not have time to adapt to a high vertical load.So, along with the direction, a person also gained disease of the muscular system.

An even more vulnerable neck of a person makes its structure.A person's cervical department consists of seven small removable beads, which are articulated by the type of children's pyramid.This design can hardly be called durable outside the rest of the rest.In addition, the muscle frame in this area is weak, and the loads can be high - all this makes the neck tangible.Anydo injury is filled with consequences.Even if the damage was in another backpack, the load redistribution can cause osteochondrosis.

Another factor is aging.The formation of the skeletal fabric and the cartilage ends with 21 and then the irreversible aging process (degeneration) begins.Cartilage foods are performed only because of diffusion, and if the intervertebral disc does not take nutrients, it begins to collapse gradually.

Moreover, the development of cervical osteochondrosis contributes to:

1. Autoimmune diseases.They include their body cells in the pathological process of destruction of cartilage tissue.
2. Infections, hormonal failure, slowdown in metabolism - all of these circulatory disorders can also serve as factors for the development of osteochondrosis.
3. A sedentary lifestyle, working conditions in which a person spends most of the time in a forced static position.
4. High loads that lead to injuries can lead to compression.
5. Genetic defects associated with the weakness of the skeletal muscle system and the inferiority of the cartilage fabric.

The spinal canal on the cervical spine is very narrow, so high loads, any violation or damage can lead to compression of the spinal cord.And this is very dangerous.

In addition, a large number of nerve endings and blood vessels pass through the area.If the blood stops flowing into the brain in the right volume, a stroke may occur.

Troubleshooting

In the primary diagnosis of cervical osteochondrosis, the doctor collects the history of the patient.He discovers how it hurts, with what intensity, with a load or at rest, at what time of day it hurts stronger, if the cervical spine has occurred.

During the examination of the neck, the doctor feels the cervical vertebrae and muscles, lymph nodes;Evaluates the volume of movements, excludes or confirms Rooseer syndrome.

After that, a laboratory diagnosis is described to exclude autoimmune diseases: a general blood test, ESR, rheumatoid factor, HLA B27 antigen.

The main role in the diagnosis is given to radiography, calculated tomography and magnetic resonance imaging.

• RntgenographyIt helps to evaluate the condition of bone structures, soft tissue and cartilage in the photographs do not appear.To visualize these structures, the contrast medium is presented: angiography, discography, myelography.
• Calculated Tomography (CT).This method also uses the principle of radiography, but by using computer processing, you can get a series of photographs of longitudinal and transverse sections in which you can see bones and cartilage.
• Magnetic Resonance Tomography (MRI).It is a "golden standard" in the diagnosis of pathologies, including cartilage and soft tissue.MRI gives an idea not only about the structure of organs and tissues, but also their functioning.In the case of osteochondrosis with a frequent complication, there is a hernia of the spine.MRI allows you to diagnose the hernia formation process in the early stages.

Treatment

The treatment of cervical back osteochondrosis is reduced to conservative methods.Initially, the pain syndrome is removed, and then different procedures are determined.But in the most extreme cases, when the pain does not pass for more than three months and the medication does not help, surgery becomes the only way out.

Methods of non -operative treatment

Osteochondrosis has hit the bone system -ocal for more than a year, and therefore treatment will take time.Patience must be gained.Conservative treatment tasks:

1. Eliminate the pain.
2. Remove inflammation.
3. Restore the functions of the spinal roots.
4. Strengthen corsets and muscle ligaments.

Conservative treatment includes medication therapy and physiotherapy.Preparations help relieve pain during irritation, and physiotherapy - to begin the processes of the body self -healing.

During severe pain with radical syndrome, the so -called "blockade" is performed: the drug is administered near the spine of the spine.

Physiotherapeutic treatment is based on natural and artificially recreated physical factors: cold, heat, electricity, magnetic radiation, laser and others.For their reconstruction, special equipment, equipment, manual methods are used.

• Laser therapy- Biological activation of intervertebral drive regeneration processes.The body begins to self -centers.
• Plasmotherapy (PRP therapy)- Plasma injections isolated from the patient's blood.Plasma is rich in platelets, growth factors, hormones.After injection, local immunity is initiated, regeneration processes begin.
• Acupuncture- Stimulation of nerve endings with special needles.Improves metabolism in the affected areas, relieves pain.
• Shock -wave therapy- Exposure to high frequency waves.It allows you to start the natural recovery processes.
• Kinetherapy- Movement therapy.It can be active (exercise therapy) and passive (massage, traction).LFK strengthens the back muscles, withdrawal relieves tension and pain.Is selected taking into account the individual characteristics of the patient.
• Therapy and manual massage- exposure to soft tissue and joints in order to restore balance to the body and synchronize processes.Return the movement and eliminate the pain.
• percussion- Slowing on special plaster on the skin in places where it is necessary to touch the stretch and compression receptors.Can rest and increase tone.

In the period of acute pain, the patient is recommended to wear special bandage and collar on the neck.

The positive effect of conservative treatment is achieved in 2-3 months.If there is no result, the patient is recommended.

Surgical methods of treatment of osteochondrosis

Surgery in the case of cervical osteochondrosis is an extreme measure for which special indications are needed.Operation is recommended if:

1. The pain cannot be removed with therapeutic treatment for more than 3 months.
2. There is an intervertebral disc herniation.
3. Sensitivity to the limbs disappears

Post -operative rehabilitation also takes time and may include therapeutic treatment.

Cervical osteochondrosis is a complex degenerative disease.You can't handle it.Such serious violations in the skeletal muscular system can lead to disability.Neck pain can become chronic, osteochondrosis will spread to some parts of the spine.Timely prevention can prevent the development of this disease.

PREVENTION

To maintain the health of the cervical back, daily physical activity is needed.Eating intervertebral discs occurs in motion, so it is extremely necessary.It is important that the loads are optimal and regular.

If the work is about finding continuous in a static position, a periodic warm heat is needed.And at home after a working day you can lie on your back on a flat surface for some time, placing a roller under the neck.This method will help restore the cervical twist of the spine, remove muscle tension.

In the prevention of cervical osteochondrosis, the exact pose during sleep is important.If a person in the morning rises with pain in the neck, then the muscles had no time to rest and heal.

Here, an orthopedic pillow, which is individually selected, will help for 3-5 years.

Do not push the treatment

A doctor will help you choose a recovery program.It will evaluate the condition of the spine in the MRI images, report the possibility of resorption and the possibility of treatment.