The osteochondrosis of the spine, such as a disease of human species, or "civilization disease", is associated with a justice in which the load throughout the spine structure and intervertebral discs increases significantly.A modern, sitting lifestyle alone exacerbates the situation.It is unlikely to have an adult who has not experienced manifestations of osteochondrosis in one form or another.For this reason, questions about how and where to treat osteochondrosis do not lose their importance.
Four fifths of all back pain are caused by osteochondrosis.And from the point of view of spending on its treatment, it is not inferior to cardiovascular disease or flu.
Causes
After reaching a person's middle age on intervertebral discs, a vascular canal is formed, and therefore, their food occurs according to the principle of diffusion.This, in particular, complicates the regeneration of intervertebral discs after excess or asymmetrical loads, as well as micro and macro damage.
Unforgivable, or irrational nutrition, adds "oil in the fire", and intervertebral cartilage, without the necessary nutrients, begin to gradually lose strength and elasticity and deform.
The exact causes of osteochondrosis, unfortunately, have not been created today, so it is generally acknowledged that this is a certain set of risk factors, including:
- Disorders of metabolic processes in the body;
- Genetic predisposition;
- Poor physical development, violation of behavior and flat feet, other disorders of the skeletal muscle system;
- Infectious diseases and intoxication;
- Spinal microtrauma due to falling, strokes, sudden movements and excess loads, the same type of asymmetrical movements;
- Macro spine trauma due to fractures and bruise;
- Improper nutrition, a sedentary and overweight lifestyle, leading to the absence of liquids, vitamins and trace elements;
- Stressful conditions and smoking, leading to spasms and narrowing of blood vessels;
- Meteorological conditions in which low temperature and high air humidity are observed.
There are many reasons for the development of osteochondrosis, and all of them are in one way or another the result of the style of the wrong life, whose hostages are becoming more and more people of modern society.
Prevention of osteochondrosis
Of course, the best prevention of osteochondrosis is rational nutrition and physical education, among the classes of which is shown:
- Itself -the morning mass of the lower back, back and limbs.
- Hygienic gymnastics with flying movements of the arms and legs, jumping in place, head rotation, classes in the horizontal bar.
- A pause of five-minute physical education in the workplace with a group of 7-9 exercises.
- Swimming in the pool, especially on the back.
Of course, if the time for prevention is lost, this list of exercises will need to be expanded with therapeutic exercises, which provide for the techniques for the spinal canal.
The electricity supply for osteochondrosis should include a large amount of protein, with the exception of fungal vessels, butter remnants of animal fats, the first dishes - mainly vegetarian, the second vessels - steam or in the oven, snacks - mainly floods, low spices and spices.Consumption of salt and salty products (herring, salmon, homework for winter), sugar, flour, butter and other cakes, grapes and juice from it, strong coffee and tea, alcohol and smoking are severely limited.
The mass of the daily diet usually should not exceed 2 kg, liquids - 1 liter, and kilocalor - 2600 units.The daily diet is calculated for a frequent meal-5-7 meals a day.
If the tests show the lack of some elements of vitamins and tracks, they are described in addition.
Diagnosis of osteochondrosis
Depending on the location of the localization, osteochondrosis may be:
- Cervical (25% of cases) - is associated with pain in the hands and shoulders, headaches with further possible development of vertebral artery syndrome, when ear noise, "flies" and color spots in front of the eyes, mild dizziness occurs.
- Basket, - the pain arises as a "peg" in the chest, the pain "shoots" in other organs: heart, lung, stomach.
- Lumbosacral spine (50% of cases) - pain in the lower back, which gives the feet, sacrum, and sometimes in the groin, may be associated with damaged function syndromes and muscle sensitivity of the lower extremities.
- Common (12% of cases) - is a combination of spinal osteochondrosis of some departments immediatelyAnd for this reason - the most severe form of this disease.
In addition to pain in the respective parts of the spine, a feeling of pain and numbness in the limbs, pain in different organs and muscles with osteochondrosis other symptoms: muscle cramps, decreased freedom of movement and increased pain during coughing, additional loads and sharp turns.
A preliminary diagnosis is made based on the two of the above symptoms and on the initial examination by a physician checking the patient's spine in different positions - lies, standing, sitting - in the conditions of movement and rest, after the patient is sent to the hardware diagnosis in order to confirm and clarify or throw down the diagnosis.The main types of spine study include MRI, calculated tomography, radiography and ultrasound dopplerography of the main brain arteries.
It happens that after a thorough examination, interconnected diseases are also detected, which are complications of osteochondrosis: hernia - spine and intervertebral, extension of the intervertebral disc, radiculitis and kyphosis.
The quality of diagnosis is of primary importance because many symptoms of osteochondrosis are absolutely identical to the symptoms of other diseases, and the sources of pain can also be a spinal root or a damaged intervertebral disc.
The treatment of osteochondrosis
But the diagnosis continues treatment, which may be of two types -Tory AND OPErATiONAl - Depending on the negligence and severity of the disease and the presence of internal resources for recovery, other indications and contraindications.
In a number of severe cases, it is impossible to do without surgery, in others, conservative treatment is justified.However, only highly qualified doctors can make the right choice, and sometimes their consultation.
With conservative treatment as well as subsequent rehabilitation, a comprehensive approach is needed, which means the use of many methods from different sectors of medicine.Modern medicine in most cases reduces conservative treatment and post -operative rehabilitation in two things: drug therapy and hardware treatment.At the same time, there is a total underestimation of the body's body sources, treatment is, as it was, "in the absence" of the patient himself, as if the active participation of the patient in the cure cannot occur.Such "passive" treatment and rehabilitation always turns out to be longer, and sometimes unsuccessful.
At the same time, conservative treatment and post -operative rehabilitation should include several different methods, such as:
- Exercise therapy - therapeutic gymnastics exercises;
- Isometric kinesiotherapy;
- Manual therapy;
- Reflexology;
- Underwater hydromassage;
- Discharge of treatment based on the elimination of the spine;
- Magnets, electric and vibro stimulation;
- Ultrasound and laser therapy;
- Therapeutic diet
- Psychotherapy;
- Medication therapy.
With the correct choice and combination of many therapeutic methods, medication treatment can be moved to the last place and address it in a minimal volume or stages of irritation.
Classes with a psychologist in combination with the therapy of exercises that force a person to believe in his strength and take an active part in post -surgery recovery or restoration.
Manual and hydromassage, reflexology not only improve blood circulation, relieve pain syndromes, but also arouse internal body forces.
Undervaluation of the role of diet can minimize the effectiveness of medication treatment because the individual selected diet and properly allow you to saturate the body cells with the necessary nutrients, trace elements and vitamins, preventing simultaneous complications in other organs.
And, yet, medication therapy is still necessary, usually includes some therapy:
- Anti -inflammatory;
- Antispasmodic;
- Antioxidants;
- Stimulation of blood microcyrulation;
- Correcting psychosomatic disorders and preventing cartilage tissue degeneration.
So we will summarize: post -surgery rehabilitation and conservative treatment of osteochondrosis in special state clinics departments in most cases deprives patients with comprehensive recovery treatment, and such home treatment adds some other problems.The fact is that trying to rehabilitate at home, the patient has faced at least the fact that:
- Experience the absence of medical equipment - orthopedic beds, simulators, physiotherapy equipment or simply the space needed for physiotherapy exercises;
- It detects the inability to self -organized and self -discipline, which are the quintensis of any recreational technique: it cannot observe the elements of sleep, waking, treatment, passage of medical procedures and nutrition for a long period of time.
- There is a lack of dietary and cooking skills that allow you to compose the recipe and choose the right diet and distribute the daily diet, the violation of which can deny the effectiveness of other health methods.
Thus, it is best to undergo recovery treatment in specialized hospitals and specialized rehabilitation centers in inclusive rehabilitation and conservative osteochondrosis treatment.