arthrosis

The bone surfaces that form the joint are covered with a special cartilage, hyalin - polished, providing the lowest friction force during the motor skills of the articular surfaces.If arthrosis is diagnosed, it means the cartilage is under the process of destruction.

By progressing, the destructive process applies to the bones, and then to the joint capsule.The disease has a universal code according to ICD 10-M15-M19, calculating it in the class of muscle tissue pathologies and bone connectors.

According to medical statistics, 12% of the world's population suffers from osteoarthritis, most of which are elderly, from 65 years.However, every year there is an alarming tendency to increase the number of young people.The diagnosis is not fatal, but arthritis is secret with its relaps and threat of complete disability.

The show's mechanism

The disease develops gradually, four stages can be distinguished provided:

1. Initially, an area that is poorly supplied with blood or damaged appears in the cartilage area.Gradually, in the presence of traumatic factors, the region has not returned, but, on the contrary, increases.
2. The body, trying to restore destructive cartilage, replaces damaged areas to a mineralized tissue that does not have a clear structure.Such a fabric is, in general, with an inferior replacement for smooth, sliding and elastic cartilage.
3. Gradually, the surface of the cartilage is made in the wound and bone growth - osteophytes.
4. Healthy areas from the load increased several times, wear very quickly, and as a result, the whole cartilage turns into a great scar.

If the pathological process has not stopped, the union will undergo the following negative changes:

• Bones are involved in the process of destruction;
• Synovial shells is inflamed;
• The joint capsule becomes denser, losing its elasticity;
• The lumen of the common gap decreases rapidly;
• Bones, without enduring friction, are deformed, as the union as a whole;
• The union fabrics are reborn, thus there is a complete loss of the possibility of movement.

Types of arthrosis

This disease affects absolutely any articular surface!At the same time, despite the same pathology mechanism, it is classified into several types.

So depending on which joints are ill, they distinguish:

• knee joint arthrosis, or patellophon arthritis (shortened gonartrosis);
• arthrosis of hip joint (shortened coxarthrosis);
• shoulder joint arthritis;
• interpreted arthritis;
• ankle joint arthritis;
• arthritis of the hands;
• cervical arthritis;
• jaw arthritis;
• Union arthrosis plusnephalanx;
• iliac arthritis;
• Acrochomial keyboard arthritis;
• temporary arthrosis;
• arthrosis of the heel;
• arched arthrosis affecting the processes of the vertebra bow (shortened spondylartrosis);
• arthritis of the face of the spine joints;
• Unsaturated arthritis;
• rib arthrosis;
• Taran-plastic arthritis.

According to the specifics of the pathological process in the cartilage tissue, they distinguish:

• Deformation of arthrosis is the name of the disease that has passed to the terminal (final) phase;
• Arthrosoarthritis - the presence of the classical inflammatory process is characteristic;
• chronic;
• Acute arthritis.

For the reasons for the emergence of pathology, they distinguish:

• dystrophic arthritis of joints associated with a critical metabolic disorder;
• Fracture arthritis is caused by proper damage;
• Post -traumatic arthritis.

There is another classification - if the disease is independent, or caused by provocative factors:

• Primary, - arises in a completely healthy cartilage, another name - idiopathic arthritis, or appears with elderly changes of age;
• Secondary, - caused by many reasons.

Symptoms of arthrosis

There are very typical signs of arthrosis of all localizations, which, depending on the degree of pathology development, vary in their severity:

• pain, pain, high humidity intensification and hypothermia;
• decrease in joint mobility;
• Fresh, broken and intersection sounds in articular surface movements;
• external changes in the union sketch;
• swelling and swelling;
• Redness of the skin.

Pain

Very initial signs of violations make themselves feel from poor or moderate, short -term pain, which almost never occurs at night, but usually appears only with a load on the surface of the joint.

When the inflammatory processes were moved to its last stage, the patient begins to feel unbearable, "eroded" pain due to blood sticking and increased pressure in the joint bag.The pain is characterized by a long duration, at any time of the day, and whether the affected area is at the rest, or in motion.

Sowarity of the Union

This symptom is characteristic of a very neglected disease.At the same time, in the early stages, the patient still feels in the morning, after wakeing up, discomfort when moving in the form of a feeling of some restrictions.

With the advancement of destructive reactions, the patient notes:

• restriction of amplitude of ordinary movements;
• The inability to change the position of the limbs at rest, even making efforts to manually unlock joint;
• Strong fixation (contraction) in a certain position of the joint, which for a long time was in a state of lack of motor activity.

After all, in the fourth stage of the pathology, anchilosis is formed in the form of replacement of articular tissue to wounds, with a complete loss of functionality.

Sounds in union

A crisis can be associated with any bone and cartilage dysfunction, not just arthritis caused.

However, this disease is characteristic that sound:

• arises only in union that hurts;
• accompanied by the difficulty of movement;
• It has the ability to intensify with the progression of the pathology and falls on the formation of anchilosis.

Changing the appearance of union

Significant changes appear in later stages.So the affected limb axis is curved, and the articular region itself is transfigured - increases in size, the shape is modified and ugly.

All this shows irreversible destruction of the fusion, within which no new fabric is formed, not having a certain structure.

If such a pathogen process was raised to the knee, it means that the load and plusnoplange joints will increase the load on the ankle joints, which will also damage them over time.

Causes of arthrosis

Pathology can occur both in a single union and spread to some.This disease is less likely to occur at a young age - vibrancy is still enough for the body itself.

However, for all age groups, the causes of impact on their direction are: there:

• Interior - some diseases, bad habits, unbalanced food, etc.;
• External, - injuries, a professional factor.

Internal causes are provoking a negative change in joint factors in the form of joint inflammation.Distinguish between inflammation of different origin:

• Infectious (intestinal rolling and Koch stick, viruses, chlamydia, staphylococci, pale treponema, etc.);
• rheumatism;
• purulent arthritis;
• autoimmune nature;
• gout;
• psoriasis.

Moreover, the causes of internal exposure include congenital or acquired violations of the cartilage tissue structure and malnutrition, which may be associated with:

• Genetic dysfunctions and mutations;
• intrauterine development abnormalities, including perinatal damage;
• old age;
• Osteoporosis, ie."leakage" from the bone tissue of the elements of the elements;
• hormonal and overload disorders, including menopause;
• violations of normal metabolism;
• disadvantage in the nutrition of vitamins and trace elements;
• diseases that attract muscle weakness;
• Prolonged interior intoxication.

The deterioration of many diseases of the skeletal muscular skeleton also involves cartilage degeneration.

The external causes of the development of the disease are such factors that damage the union as:

• frequent hypothermia;
• displacements;
• strong strokes;
• fractures;
• Meniscus injections;
• strong physical activity (weight lifting, for example);
• professional sports;
• Joint surgical intervention.

Ladder

According to the clinical manifestations and the process of progressing the disease, four stages of arthrosis are distinguished:

1. 1st degree arthrosis, this is the initial stage of arthrosis, which is characterized by hidden symptoms in the form of adverse changes in the composition of synovial fluid and weakening of muscle fibers, if it appears, then only with physical exercises;
2. 2-scale arthritis-This is already a feeling of pain due to the devastating bone joint and the formation of osteophytes, the reflex neurotrophic adjustment is disturbed and a obedient crisis appears;
3. 3th degree arthrosis is characterized by significant degenerative changes in the joint, its visible deformity with the curvature of the limb axis, the ligament is shortened, and the joint becomes pathologically removable;
4. 4th degree arthritis is full ankylosis, complete contraction and severe pain even at rest.

All four stages continue unevenly: during the pathological period, sharp irritations and moments of forgiveness are possible.

The treatment of arthrosis

Clinically proven that treatment and prevention in the form of eliminating provocative factors of hyaline cartilage damage, although they do not eliminate the disease at an early stage, but stop its development and restore the functionality of the joint.

Basically, the disease of small and moderate severity is treated by conservative methods.In the case of serious destruction of the cartilage, which means the destruction of the bones, surgical endoprosthetics are indicated.

Moreover, the basic principle in treatment is:

• A comprehensive approach that implies the use of some therapeutic methods;
• The goal, that is, the concentration of efforts on eliminating the disease that provokes the disease and the consequences.

Treatment with popular remedies

It is treated in a comprehensive way, but at home, you can also turn to the healing recipes of people's healors who provide effective treatment of health problems through plants and beekeeping products.

From the use of plants:

• Bay leaves in the form of boiling, tinctures on vodka and specially prepared oil used externally, directly in the area of inflammation;
• Treatment of honey arthrosis is placed as a reliable local medicine, in the form of a rubber removing inflammation and nutrition of the skin, muscle and cartilage;
• cabbage leaves - better than white cabbage - is a little cooked, and they wrap it with a sore spot, insulated with a wool fabric on top, and hold all night;
• aloe juice in the form of compresses and rubbing on the skin;

It also helps with the burial of the arthrosis of the knee knot: the sheet is a bandage in the injured place, which is isolated for the whole night.

Preparations for arthritis

The treatment of medicines in relation to the classic method of therapy is divided, depending on the form of the dose used, in the medication:

• external use, in the form of oil for arthritis, rubbing, lotions;
• injections;
• arthritis pills;
• Capsules.

meals

The pharmacological industry produces medical ointments based on natural, very active ingredients:

• Vishnevsky Ointment;
• Ointment heparin.

The vestaren tool containing 1% Diclofenac helps well: Voltaren in the form of gel is applied to the skin.

Injections

Injection not only intravenous and intramuscular, but also directly in the field of damage, for example, non -steroidal group medicines, proved very well in treatment.

So intraarticular injections are inserted into damaged articular tissue:

• Glucocorticoids that increase cartilage tissue nutrition that relieve inflammation and increase elasticity - diprospan, hydrocortisone, etc.
• Chondroprotectors and analogs of intraarticular fluid, - single, carbon;
• Hyaluronic acid as lubricant and analgesic.

Preparations in the form of tablets and capsules

So -called arthritis chondroprotectors containing structural elements of hyaline cartilage are in medicinal therapy, and restoring it.

These medicines are produced in the form of tablets and capsules intended for oral administration through the (oral) gastrointestinal tract.Moreover, patients are prescribed NSAID -anti -inflammatory non -steroid group arthrosis, stopping acute pain and relieving irritation.

Anesthetic agents are also used in the form of a Novokaine blockade.

Moreover, complex vitamins for arthritis prescribed.

From the natural drugs of local action, medical bile is recommended, applied in the form of compresses on the skin.

Arthritis

Special exercises and therapeutic gymnastics (exercise therapy), whose complex gives physical activity in the unhealthy part of the retail body, have proven themselves.

Dr.Bubnovsky and Evdokimenko developed their complexes of therapeutic exercises.

Massage

Very useful affects medical treatment and massage, which improves microcirculation and deep tissue nutrition.

Arthritis

In this condition, it is important to adhere to the right, rational food in order to slightly improve the patient's condition.Recommended abstinence from overeating, excluding animal fats and fried foods.

Which doctor treats Arthrosv first of all with complaints of pain in the bone joints should go to the therapist.It was he who, after summarizing the patient's story and asking for detail, would give a reference to the desired specialist.

It may be, depending on the cause of the disease and its type, doctors of profiles such as:

• orthopedic;
• traumatologist;
• surgeon;
• rheumatologist.